Human Subject Experimentation Norms

Human Research And Experimentation is a controversial subject that's ruining human life for years because of lack of proper knowledge and guidelines on the subject.

Many a crooks and thugs are pretending to be the know -alls and end -all' s of the modern day world and are trying to mimmick whatever Nazi CIA s did way back in the name of learning and controlling human mind and perfecting the weapon based systems that would ultimately lead to total "dominionship" of the world.

But these all has lead to the famous Nuremberg Trial in 1955 ,wherein the Chief Scientist of any such unethical and non-consensual human subject experimentation, was being given death sentence along with 21 others Germanyn

Also, Back in 1970 ,Church Trial was Organised to act against the infamous MKULTRA Project ,that outlawed any such provisions in future also President Nixon got impeached in 1973.The Rockefeller Commission Report was the beginning of all this .Then came Belmont Report and Helsinki Convention to specify the guidelines of any such thing, that would involve human beings and his /her biological rights .

Many a decisions has been made since then throughout the world to ban this controversial subject in the world.

UNIDIR has banned Mind control way back in 1990 and Psychotronic Law was drafted in Russia in those times. Also European Parliament Convention bans Mind Control and French Bio-ethics Commission also went against it.

Also, better HHS rules and regulations & FCC rules and regulations came into effect since then and Space Preservation Act 2001(HR 2997) and Human Subject Protection Act came into effect.

So, now the guidelines should be strictly followed for all such things and the issue needs to be addressed thoroughly and in public terms.

So, for the benefit of all here I share the required Guidelines and Norms for any such thing called Human Subject Experimentation.

Nuremberg Code :-

The Nuremberg Code is a set of research ethics principles for human experimentation

set as a result of the Subsequent Nuremberg Trials at the end of the Second World War.

The ten points of the Nuremberg Code are as follows :

1. Required is the voluntary, well-informed, understanding consent of the human

subject in a full legal capacity.

2. The experiment should aim at positive results for society that cannot be procured in

some other way.

3. It should be based on previous knowledge (like, an expectation derived from animal

experiments) that justifies the experiment.

4. The experiment should be set up in a way that avoids unnecessary physical and

mental suffering and injuries.

5. It should not be conducted when there is any reason to believe that it implies a risk of

death or disabling injury.

6. The risks of the experiment should be in proportion to (that is, not exceed) the

expected humanitarian benefits.

7. Preparations and facilities must be provided that adequately protect the subjects

against the experiment’s risks.

8. The staff who conduct or take part in the experiment must be fully trained and

scientifically qualified.

9. The human subjects must be free to immediately quit the experiment at any point

when they feel physically or mentally unable to go on.

10. Likewise, the medical staff must stop the experiment at any point when they observe

that continuation would be dangerous.

The Belmont Report is a report created by the National Commission for the Protection

of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. Its full title is the Belmont

Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research,

Report of the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and

Behavioral Research... The Belmont Report summarizes ethical principles and guidelines

for research involving human subjects. Three core principles are identified: respect for

persons, beneficence, and justice. Three primary areas of application are also stated.

They are informed consent, assessment of risks and benefits, and selection of subjects.

According to Vollmer and Howard, the Belmont Report allows for a positive solution,

which at times may be difficult to find, to future subjects who are not capable to make

independent decisions.

The three fundamental ethical principles for using any human subjects for research are:

1. Respect for persons: protecting the autonomy of all people and treating them with

courtesy and respect and allowing for informed consent. Researchers must be truthful

and conduct no deception;

2. Beneficence: The philosophy of "Do no harm" while maximizing benefits for the

research project and minimizing risks to the research subjects; and

3. Justice: ensuring reasonable, non-exploitative, and well-considered procedures are

administered fairly — the fair distribution of costs and benefits to potential research

participants — and equally. These principles remain the basis for the United States

Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) human subject protection

regulations. Today, the Belmont Report continues as an essential reference for

institutional review boards (IRBs) that review HHS-conducted or -supported human

subjects research proposals involving human subjects, in order to ensure that the

research meets the ethical foundations of the regulations.

The Declaration of Geneva (Physician's Oath) was adopted by the General Assembly of

the World Medical Association at Geneva .. The Declaration of Geneva was intended as

a revision[2]of the Hippocratic Oath to a formulation of that oath's moral truths that

could be comprehended and acknowledged in a modern way.The Declaration of

Geneva, as currently published by the World Medical Association reads: At the time of

being admitted as a member of the medical profession: ·

I solemnly pledge to consecrate my life to the service of humanity; · I will give to my

teachers the respect and gratitude that is their due; · I will practice my profession with

conscience and dignity; · The health of my patient will be my first consideration; · I will respect the secrets that are confided in me, even after the patient has died; · I will

maintain by all the means in my power, the honour and the noble traditions of the

medical profession; · My colleagues will be my sisters and brothers; · I will not permit

considerations of age, disease or disability, creed, ethnic origin, gender, nationality,

political affiliation, race, sexual orientation, social standing or any other factor to

intervene between my duty and my patient; · I will maintain the utmost respect for

human life; · I will not use my medical knowledge to violate human rights and civil

liberties, even under threat; · I make these promises solemnly, freely and upon my

honor.

The Declaration of Helsinki (DoH) is a set of ethical principles regarding human

experimentation developed for the medical community by the World Medical

Association (WMA).[1] It is widely regarded as the cornerstone document on human

research ethics.[1][2][3][4] Research should be based on a thorough knowledge of the

scientific background (Article 11), a careful assessment of risks and benefits (Articles 16,

17), have a reasonable likelihood of benefit to the population studied (Article 19) and be

conducted by suitably trained investigators (Article 15) using approved protocols,

subject to independent ethical review and oversight by a properly convened committee

(Article 13). The protocol should address the ethical issues and indicate that it is in

compliance with the Declaration (Article 14). Studies should be discontinued if the

available information indicates that the original considerations are no longer satisfied

(Article 17). Information regarding the study should be publicly available (Article 16).

Ethical publications extend to publication of the results and consideration of any

potential conflict of interest (Article 27). Experimental investigations should always be

compared against the best methods, but under certain circumstances a placebo or no

treatment group may be utilised (Article 29). The interests of the subject after the study

is completed should be part of the overall ethical assessment, including assuring their

access to the best proven care (Article 30). Wherever possible unproven methods should

be tested in the context of research where there is reasonable belief of possible benefit

(Article 32).

Civil and political rights are a class of rights that protect individuals' freedom from

infringement by governments, social organizations and private individuals, and which

ensure one's ability to participate in the civil and political life of the society and state

without discrimination or repression.

Civil rights include the ensuring of peoples' physical and mental integrity, lifeand

safety; protection from discrimination on grounds such as race, gender,national origin,

colour, sexual orientation, ethnicity, religion, or disability;and individual rights such as

privacy, the freedoms of thought and conscience,speech and expression, religion, the

press, assembly and movement.

Political rights include natural justice (procedural fairness) in law, such as the rights of

the accused, including the right to a fair trial; due process; the right to seek redress or a legal remedy; and rights of participation in civil society and politics such as freedom of

association, the right to assemble, the right to petition, the right of self-defense, and the

right to vote...

CODE OF CONDUCT FOR POLICE OFFICERS1

(a) The primary duties of those who hold the office of constable are the protection of

life and property, the preservation of the Queen’s peace, and the prevention and

detection of criminal offences. To fulfil these duties police officers are granted

extraordinary powers; the public and the police service therefore have the right to

expect the highest standards of conduct from them.

(b) This Code sets out the principles which guide police officers’ conduct. It does not

seek to restrict officers’ discretion: rather, it aims to define the parameters of conduct

within which that discretion should be exercised. However, it is important to note that

any breach of the principles in this Code may result in action being taken by the

organisation, which, in serious cases, could involve dismissal.

(c) Police behaviour, whether on or off duty, affects public confidence in the police

service. Any conduct which brings or is likely to bring discredit to the police service

may be the subject of sanction. Accordingly, any allegation of conduct which could, if

proved, bring or be likely to bring discredit to the police service should be investigated

in order to establish whether or not a breach of the Code has occurred and whether

formal disciplinary action is appropriate. No investigation is required where the

conduct, if proved, would not bring or would not be likely to bring, discredit to the

police service.

Honesty and integrity

1. It is of paramount importance that the public has faith in the honesty and integrity of

police officers. Officers should therefore be open and truthful in their dealings; avoid

being improperly beholden to any person or institution; and discharge their duties with

integrity.

Fairness and impartiality

2. Police officers have a particular responsibility to act with fairness and impartiality in

all their dealings with the public and their colleagues. Politeness and tolerance

3. Officers should treat members of the public and colleagues with courtesy and

respect, avoiding abusive or deriding attitudes or behaviour. In particular, officers

must avoid: favouritism of an individual or group; all forms of harassment,

victimisation or unreasonable discrimination; and overbearing conduct to a colleague,

particularly to one junior in rank or service.

Hope this helps...